Automatic lathe



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

\ JNO. MCNARY, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

AUTOMATIC LATHE.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 20,166, dated May 4', 1858.

To aZZ 'whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Jol-IN MGNARY, of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented a new and im proved machine for turning regular or cylindrical ornamental forms, such as newels, balusters, and similar beaded or ornamental work; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the an neXed drawings, making a part of this specification, in which-m Figure l, is a side sectional elevation of my improvement taken in the line a, Fig. 3. Fig. 2, is a front elevation of ditto. Fig. 3 is a plan or top view of ditto.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures.

This invention consists in a peculiar arrangement of means for operating rotary cutter stocks and traveling heads, between which the stuff to be turned is centered, whereby the machine is rendered automatic in its action throughout, and made to work rapidly and in the most efficient manner, as hereinafter fully sho-wn and described.

To enable those skilled in the art to fully understand and construct my invention will proceed to describe it.

A, represents the framing of the machine which may be constructed in any proper way to support the working parts.

B, represents a shaft which is placed transversely in proper bearings a, a, on the upper part of the framing. On this shaft B, cutter stocks Z?, are secured and to each stock cutters c, are attached, one to each end, the cutting edges of the cutters being so formed as to cut or turn the work of the desired pattern. y

C, is the driving shaft which is placed at one end of the framing A, d, is the working or fast pulley, and e the idle pulley.

D, is a pulley placed on one end of the shaft C, said pulley communicating motion to the shaft B, by means of a belt E, which passes over a pulley f, at one end of said shaft B.

On the opposite end of the shaft B, a screw g, is formed, and this screw gears into a worm wheel Za, on a horizontal shaft F, which is placed in suitable bearings at the upper part of the framing A, at one side. On the front end of the shaft F, a bevel wheel z', is placed, which gears into a corresponding wheel j, placed on one end of a shaft Gr, at the front part of the framing A. The end of the shaft G, near the wheel j, is fitted in a bearing 7c, which is placed loosely on the shaft F, and the opposite end of shaft G, is fitted in a bearing Z, which is attached to the upper end of a rod m, the lower end of said rod being pivoted to a lever H, which is attached by a fulcrum pin 71.*", to the lower part of the framing at one side. The bearing Z, is fitted and works in a vertical guide n, attached to the framing, and a. spiral spring o, is attached to the lever H, said spring having a tendency to keep the bearing Z, at the upper part of its guide n. To the guide n, a catch ux, is attached, the use of which will be hereinafter shown.

On the shaft G, a screw p, is placed. This screw gears into a worm wheel g, which is placed on an arbor r, said arbor having a pinion s, on it, which gears into a pinion t, the pinion t, gearing into a corresponding pinion u, which is placed on the front part of a horizontal screw rod or shaft I, fitted longitudinally in the framing A. The screw shaft I, passes through a nut o, which projects downward from the under side of a carriage J, which is placed on the upper part of the framing A, and fitted in suitable guides. On the upper part of the carriage J, two heads K, L, are placed. These heads are constructed precisely similar to those of an ordinary turning lathe, one of them, the head L, being allowed t0 slide so that sticks of varying length may be fitted or centered between the two heads.

On the back end of the shaft F, a pinion w, is placed. This pinion gears into a corresponding pinion a', on the framing, and the pinion a, gears into a pinion b', which is placed on one end of an arbor o', said arbor having a screw d', upon it which screw gears into a worm wheel e', placed on the outer end of an arbor f', which is fitted in the head of K, and by the rotation of which the stuff to be turned, which is centered between the heads, is rotated, see Figs. l and 2.

To the screw shaft I, a cord or chain g', is attached. This cord or chain is connected to al pulley b, which is placed loosely on a stationary shaft M, said shaft being placed horizontally and longitudinally in the framing A, and having a spiral spring N, placed around it, one end of the spring being attached to the shaft and the opposite end attached to the pulley 7L.

On the upper part of the framing A, and

just above the shaft F, a lever O, is placed. This lever is pivoted to the upper end of an upright Z', as shown at j. The front end of this lever is pivoted to a vertical rod 7s', the lower end of which is pivoted to the outer end of a pawl Z, the inner end of said pawl catching into a ratchet m', which is placed on the screw shaft I. To the inner end of pawl Z, a supplementary pawl a', is pivoted, said pawl also catching into the ratchet m, and serving as a holding pawl, the two heads acting alternately against the ratchet, see dotted lines Fig. 2. A spring 0, bears against the upper side of the pawl a', and a spring p', bears against. the under side of pawl Z, said springs keeping their respective pawls engaged with the ratchet m P, is a shaft which is placed in the lower part of the framing A. This shaft has a cross arm g attached to one end of it, as shown clearly| in Fig. l, and the opposite end of the shaft has an arm 1", attached to it. This arm is connected by a rod s', to a vertical slide t, to the upper end of which a pinion u, is attached, said pinion having a friction roller fv, attached to its inner side near its periphery, and a spring fw', attached to its o-uter side, the spring fw', having a tendency to keep the friction roller fu, against a pin on the upper end of slide Z.

Q, is a belt shipper which is formed of a slide zx, fitted in bearings y, y, attached to th-e framing, the slide being allowed to work freely in its bearings. To this slide a fork e', is attached in which the driving beltworks. To the slide zx, a lever R, is connected and S, is a catch the front end of which, when the driving belt is on the working pulley lits in a recess in the slide ex, and is retained therein in consequence of a spring bx, bearing upon its upper surface. The back end of the catch S, extends underneath the outer end of pawl Z. A spiral spring 0X, encompasses the slide 2X, and has a tendency po k-eep its fork e,.in line with the idle puley e.

The operation is as follows :The stick to be turned is centered between the two heads K, L, and the shaft G, before the machine is started is thrown upward, as shown in Fig. 2, and the belt shipper Q, keeps the driving belt on the idle pulley c, see Fig. 2, when the stick is centered between the heads K, L. The outer end of the lever II, is raised and the shaft G, is thereby brought down and its screw p, made to gear into the pinion g, the shaft being retained in this position by the catch a", which passes over the upper edge of the bearing Z. The lever R, is

then operated and the belt shipper Q, so moved as to throw the driving belt on the working pulley CZ, the belt shipper being retained in proper position by the catch S. Motion being given to the shaft C, the shaft B, is rotated therefrom by the belt E, and motion is communicated to the screw shaft I, from the shaft B, through the medium of the screw g, on said shaft, worm wheel h, on shaft F, and the gearing z', j, screw 29, on shaft G, and gearing g, s, t, u. The screw shaft as it rotates moves the carriage J, in the direction indicated by arrow l, and feeds the stick toward the cutter 0, the stick being at the same time rotated by the gearing w, a, Z, screw cZ, and worm wheel e', the stick and cutters rotating in the same direction. As the stick is fed or moved toward the cutters, the cutters cut or turn it of the desired form corresponding of course to the form of the cutters, and when the stick has advanced a requisite distance an adjustable rod a, which is attached horizontally to the carriage J, throws outward the catch nx, and the spring 0, which is connected to lever II, will throw upward the shaft Gr, thereby disconnecting `the driving power from the screw shaft I, and stopping the feed movement; at t-he same time the cross arm g', of shaft I?, is actuated by lever I-I, and the arm 1", of said shaft draws down the slide Z', and pinion a', which pinion in consequence gears into the worm wheel e, the worm wheel rotating the pinion u', until the friction roller w, which is attached to it, raises the lever O, and thereby causes the outer end of the pawl Z, to be depressed so that the inner ends of both pawls Z, a, will be raised free from the ratchet m, and the spiral spring N, through the medium of the pulley 71,', and chain or cord g, allowed to rotate the screw shaft rapidly so as to throw back the carriage J, to its original position. The catch S, is also raised at the same time so that the spring 0X, is allowed to actuate the belt shipper and throw the driving belt on the idle pulley c. The finish-ed is then removed and another inserted in its place to be acted upon in a like manner. When the feed motion is stopped, the stick is turned one revolution, so that the cutters c, may act upon it, to turn it perfectly cylindrical. This is necessary, for while the stick is being fed to the cutters, the cutters cut into it spirally or in volute form, so that a shoulder would be left on the stick were the cutters not allowed to act upon it after the feed motion ceases. The spring w, throws the pinion u, back to its original position when the pinion is raised and at the same time allow the gearing to rotate the stick.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is,

l. The sliding or traveling lathe heads K,

also rotating the same from the cutter shaft B, by means of the screw g, on said shaft, worm wheel It, on shaft F, in connection with the gearing w, a', b, screw d, worm wheel e, and the screw p, on shaft Gr, together with the gearing through the medium of which the screw shaft I, is rotated, the above parts being used in connection with the ylever H, and the catch nx rod a2, and with the pawls l, n', actuated by lever O, and pinion u, the whole being arranged to operate as and for the purpose set forth.

JOHN MGNARY. Vitnesses:

WV. TUSCH, J. W. CooMs. 

